Video: studioartnet
Stretched canvas roof of Pompidou Metz art museum
My first thought Shigegu When starting to design this art museum's stretch canvas roof, there were two main art museum design trends in the world. The first trend, widely known as the “Bilbao Effect,” was born from the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, designed by Frank O. Gehry.
The strategy was to create a structure in an internationally unknown city to attract tourism, and it ultimately worked. But there is an opinion that this type of architecture destroys its function because it pays little attention to the artists and staff and creates a personal monument leading to poor art display and viewing conditions.
At the other extreme, there is a method of renovating old industrial architecture to create an optimal space for displaying works, however neutral the architecture may be. Tate Modern in London is one such successful example.
Instead of choosing one of the two extremes, Shigeru Ban thought to create a design concept that values art that is easy to display and view and architecture that leaves a deep impression on visitors. That's the reason for its birth stretched canvas roof Pompidou Metz Art Museum.
The stretch canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz art museum gently wraps the main building blocks
The common galleries with varying length requirements were based on a 15m wide module to create three simple square tubes with a long, 90m deep rectangular volume inside. The three tubes are stacked vertically and arranged around a hexagonal steel-framed tower containing the stairs and elevator.
The space created under the tarpaulin roof system of the art museum is a cascading system of three galleries that are shifted to create a large gallery.
The stretch canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz Art Museum is placed on a hexagonal wooden frame system
Main purpose of the system Stretched canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz art museum is to be able to display more works to the public and to be able to display very large works that cannot be displayed in the Paris museum due to the 5.5m high ceiling under the beams. To meet this requirement, the large gallery was designed to be 18m high.
Structure The soft lines of the stretch canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz art museum are made of wood in the form of hexagons that sit on top of all the individual blocks to unify them into a cohesive whole. For the French, the hexagon is a symbol of their country, as it resembles the geographical shape of France.
The Art Museum Stretch Canvas Canopy was developed from Frei Otto's lightweight structure
Although creating a triangle creates rigidity in the plane, but by dividing the entire surface Stretched canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz art museum forming a triangle, six wood elements will converge at each intersection creating extremely complex joints. By creating a hexagon and triangle pattern with only four intersecting wood elements.
The above intersections Stretched canvas roof of the Pompidou Metz art museum do not use mechanical metal joints, because if they are used, the surface will become massive and the length of the elements will become unique, increasing the complexity and cost of the joints . Instead, each slat overlaps similar to bamboo wickerwork.
The idea came from a traditional Chinese woven hat that Shigeru Ban found in an antique shop in Paris in 1999 while designing the Japan Pavilion for the Hanover Expo.
Shigeru Ban collaborated with Frei Otto to design the pavilion as a paper tube mesh shell structure, and since first seeing his design at the Institute for Light Structures and Conceptual Design at the University of Stuttgart, Shigeru Ban was fascinated by the load-bearing steel mesh structure.
Frei Otto's wire mesh allows the formation of an interesting three-dimensional interior space using a minimal amount of material, but in the end the wire is just a linear element and to build a normal roof, A wooden case must be formed on the wire mesh.
When Shigeru Ban saw this, Shigeru Ban wondered about the possibility of creating a lattice structure using wood (laminated timber) that could be easily bent in two dimensions, where the roof could be placed directly on top of it. above.
Since wood can be used as a tensile and compression member, Shigeru Ban thought it could be implemented as a compression shell structure, in addition to a tensile lattice structure.
Concepts in the design of the Stretch Canvas Roof of the Pompidou Metz Museum of Art
Another important aspect of this concept is the continuity of interior to exterior spaces, and the spatial sequence that results from these relationships. Buildings are generally boxes that only begin when the inside and outside are separated by walls.
Instead of a box, the museum is a gathering place under a large roof that is an extension of the surrounding park. Since it can be more easily accessed without the presence of walls, the facade is comprised of glass shutters that can be easily removed.
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